{ "updated": "2026-11-02", "about": "AI 陪伴聊天机器人相关的立法、监管调查与处罚、诉讼、平台下架和公司政策变化，每条附出处。", "events": [ { "date": "2026-10-28", "where": "美国纽约州", "kind": "立法", "t": "州长 Hochul 签署 S9051B / A10379C：向未成年人（或未确认成年的用户）提供的聊天机器人不得假装真人、声称与儿童有恋爱等关系、主动提情感问题等 12 类功能；须多种年龄核验方式；总检察长可罚每次最高 2.5 万美元。生效日报道不一（IAPP 称 2027-01-01，地方媒体称 2027-06-01），待核", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika", "OpenAI", "Meta" ], "src": "https://es.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-signs-nation-leading-legislation-protect-kids-ai-chatbots-and-ensure-baby" }, { "date": "2026-10-14", "where": "美国多州", "kind": "调查", "t": "约 40 个州的总检察长在 Character.AI 破产案中提交 Notice of Interest，要求任何出售须保护儿童与隐私，并保留监管诉求", "co": [ "Character.AI" ], "src": "https://oag.ca.gov/node/631358" }, { "date": "2026-10-14", "where": "美国多州", "kind": "诉讼", "t": "亚利桑那、阿肯色、爱达荷、艾奥瓦、堪萨斯、蒙大拿、内布拉斯加、西弗吉尼亚 8 州总检察长分别在本州法院起诉 OpenAI，指控 ChatGPT 安全宣传误导并危害未成年人", "co": [ "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://ago.nebraska.gov/news/attorney-general-hilgers-announces-lawsuit-against-openai-deceiving-nebraskans-about-safety" }, { "date": "2026-10-12", "where": "美国联邦（特拉华破产法院）", "kind": "破产", "t": "Character Technologies 申请第 11 章破产并进入法院监督的出售程序，迪士尼以 2,000 万美元非独家 IP 许可作为 stalking horse 出价；称月运营亏损约 800–900 万美元，若无买家将停运", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Disney" ], "src": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/10/13/character-ai-chapter-11-disney-bid.html" }, { "date": "2026-10-02", "where": "美国", "kind": "公司政策", "t": "情感语音底层 Hume AI 宣布停用 EVI 与 TTS API，访问于 2026-11-13 结束，转做语音 AI 评测", "co": [ "Hume AI" ], "src": "https://dev.hume.ai/voice/intro" }, { "date": "2026-09-10", "where": "美国加州", "kind": "立法", "t": "州长 Newsom 签署 SB 1119「Adam's Law」：陪伴聊天机器人须设危机协议、家长控制，首次要求独立儿童安全审计与年度风险评估（以 Adam Raine 命名）", "co": [ "Character.AI", "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/09/10/governor-newsom-signs-the-strongest-child-safety-chatbot-and-social-media-laws-in-the-nation/" }, { "date": "2026-08-02", "where": "欧盟", "kind": "立法", "t": "欧盟 AI 法案第 50 条透明义务开始适用：聊天机器人须让用户知道自己在与 AI 交互，违规最高罚 1,500 万欧元或全球营收 3%；数字综合方案（Digital Omnibus）只推迟高风险条款与旧系统的机读标记（至 2026-12-02）", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika", "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://www.houthoff.com/insights/news/ai-act-transparency-obligations-and-the-ai-omnibus-regulation/" }, { "date": "2026-07-15", "where": "中国", "kind": "立法", "t": "《人工智能拟人化互动服务管理暂行办法》施行", "co": [ "中国境内拟人化互动服务提供者" ], "src": "https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/2026/issue_12806/202606/content_7072472.html" }, { "date": "2026-07-03", "where": "意大利", "kind": "监管处罚", "t": "Garante 罚 Character Technologies 15.8 万欧元（决定第 487 号）：隐私告知不足、迟做数据保护影响评估和欧盟代表指定、未成年人保护与年龄核验缺陷", "co": [ "Character.AI" ], "src": "https://www.gpdp.it/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/10269594" }, { "date": "2026-05-15", "where": "美国佐治亚州", "kind": "立法", "t": "州长 Kemp 签署 SB 540（会话式 AI 安全法）：禁止 AI 与未成年人性互动及模拟恋爱关系，须家长控制与危机资源；2027-07-01 生效，总检察长可执法", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika" ], "src": "https://senatepress.net/majority-leader-jason-anavitarte-applauds-signing-of-sb-540-to-protect-children-online.html" }, { "date": "2026-04-30", "where": "美国联邦", "kind": "立法", "t": "参议院司法委员会以 22 比 0 通过 GUARD Act（经修正案，刑事罚款提至每项违法 25 万美元），待参议院全体审议；众议院版本由 Foushee、Moore 同日提出，仍在委员会", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika", "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://www.covingtonblogs.com/2026/05/08/senate-judiciary-committee-advances-guard-act-regulating-minor-use-of-ai/" }, { "date": "2026-04-10", "where": "中国", "kind": "立法", "t": "国家网信办等五部门公布《人工智能拟人化互动服务管理暂行办法》（令第 21 号），自 2026-07-15 起施行", "co": [ "中国境内拟人化互动服务提供者" ], "src": "https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/2026/issue_12806/202606/content_7072472.html" }, { "date": "2026-03-31", "where": "美国俄勒冈州", "kind": "立法", "t": "州长 Kotek 签署 SB 1546（AI 陪伴法）：披露、危机协议，含每次违规 1,000 美元法定赔偿的私人诉权；2027-01-01 生效", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika" ], "src": "https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2026R1/Measures/Overview/SB1546" }, { "date": "2026-03-26", "where": "美国", "kind": "公司政策", "t": "OpenAI 向金融时报确认无限期搁置 ChatGPT「成人模式」，称要先研究露骨对话和情感依赖的影响", "co": [ "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://today.rtl.lu/news/world/openai-shelves-plans-for-erotic-chatbot-951254516" }, { "date": "2026-03-24", "where": "美国华盛顿州", "kind": "立法", "t": "州长 Ferguson 签署 HB 2225（AI 陪伴聊天机器人法）：披露、未成年人保护，含私人诉权；2027-01-01 生效", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika" ], "src": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/billsummary?BillNumber=2225&Year=2026" }, { "date": "2026-03-09", "where": "澳大利亚", "kind": "立法", "t": "eSafety 监管的《限制级内容守则》生效：能生成色情、高强度暴力或自伤内容的 AI 陪伴和聊天机器人须核验用户满 18 岁，每次违规最高 4,950 万澳元", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika", "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://prod.iapp.org/news/a/australias-age-restricted-material-codes-come-online/" }, { "date": "2026-01-07", "where": "美国联邦（佛罗里达中区法院）", "kind": "诉讼", "t": "Character.AI、创始人与 Google 就 Garcia 案达成调解和解意向，法院裁定结案；同一周另就佛罗里达、得州、科罗拉多、纽约共 5 起家长诉讼和解，条款未披露", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Google" ], "src": "https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69300919/244/garcia-v-character-technologies-inc/" }, { "date": "2025-11-05", "where": "美国纽约州", "kind": "立法", "t": "纽约州《AI 陪伴模型法》（General Business Law 第 47 条，随 2025 财年预算签署）生效：每次会话和每 3 小时须提示非人类，须有自杀自伤检测与转介协议，州总检察长可罚每天最高 1.5 万美元", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika" ], "src": "https://www.mofo.com/resources/insights/251120-new-york-and-california-enact-landmark-ai" }, { "date": "2025-11", "where": "美国", "kind": "公司政策", "t": "Character.AI 宣布（2025-10-29）并于 11-25 起禁止 18 岁以下用户进行开放式角色聊天，改推「Stories」；同时上线年龄预测与核验", "co": [ "Character.AI" ], "src": "https://apnews.com/article/characterai-kids-minors-18-ban-chatbot-5d203e9f22c62c153936ccc776a0ed09" }, { "date": "2025-10-28", "where": "美国联邦", "kind": "立法", "t": "参议员 Hawley、Blumenthal 提出 GUARD Act（S.3062）：禁止未成年人使用 AI 陪伴、强制年龄核验、对向未成年人提供性内容的公司追究刑事责任", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika", "OpenAI", "Meta" ], "src": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/3062" }, { "date": "2025-10-13", "where": "美国加州", "kind": "立法", "t": "州长 Newsom 签署 SB 243（陪伴聊天机器人法）：须披露非真人、自杀自伤应对协议、对未成年人的额外保护，含私人诉权；2026-01-01 生效", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Replika", "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243" }, { "date": "2025-09-11", "where": "美国联邦", "kind": "调查", "t": "FTC 依 6(b) 条款向 7 家公司发令，调查陪伴型聊天机器人对儿童青少年的影响：Alphabet、Character Technologies、Instagram、Meta、OpenAI、Snap、xAI", "co": [ "Alphabet", "Character.AI", "Instagram", "Meta", "OpenAI", "Snap", "xAI" ], "src": "https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2025/09/ftc-launches-inquiry-ai-chatbots-acting-companions" }, { "date": "2025-08-26", "where": "美国加州", "kind": "诉讼", "t": "Raine v. OpenAI：16 岁少年 Adam Raine 之父母在旧金山高等法院起诉 OpenAI，称 ChatGPT（GPT-4o）促成其自杀；2025-10 提交修正诉状，OpenAI 于 2025-11 作答否认", "co": [ "OpenAI" ], "src": "https://ailawsuittracker.com/cases/raine-v-openai-matthew-and-maria-raine-cgc-25-628528/" }, { "date": "2025-04", "where": "意大利", "kind": "监管处罚", "t": "Garante 以 GDPR 罚 Luka（Replika）500 万欧元：无法律依据、隐私政策不足、无年龄核验；同时对其生成式 AI 训练另行立案（决定书 2025-04-10，新闻稿 2025-05-19）", "co": [ "Replika", "Luka" ], "src": "https://www.garanteprivacy.it/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/10132048" }, { "date": "2024-11", "where": "意大利", "kind": "调查", "t": "Garante 依职权对 Character.AI 立案调查，2026-01-26 正式启动处罚程序（共五项指控）", "co": [ "Character.AI" ], "src": "https://webiis08.mondaq.com/italy/data-protection/1854840/when-ai-meets-children-italys-garante-fines-characterai-over-transparency-and-safeguarding-failures" }, { "date": "2024-10", "where": "美国联邦（佛罗里达中区法院）", "kind": "诉讼", "t": "Garcia v. Character Technologies：14 岁少年 Sewell Setzer 之母起诉 Character.AI、两位创始人和 Google，首例针对 AI 公司的青少年自杀致死诉讼", "co": [ "Character.AI", "Google" ], "src": "https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69300919/244/garcia-v-character-technologies-inc/" }, { "date": "2023-02-02", "where": "意大利", "kind": "监管处罚", "t": "意大利数据保护局 Garante 发紧急令，要求 Replika 运营方 Luka 停止处理意大利用户个人数据（无年龄核验、未成年人风险）", "co": [ "Replika", "Luka" ], "src": "https://gpdp.it/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/9854194" } ] }